6 Plant Nutrition

6 Plant Nutrition
1 Photosynthesis
1. Describe photosynthesis as the process by which plants synthesize carbohydrates from raw materials using energy from light.
2. State the word equation for photosynthesis as: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen in the presence of light and chlorophyll.
3. State that chlorophyll is a green pigment that is found in chloroplasts.
4. State that chlorophyll transfers energy from light into energy in chemicals, for the synthesis of carbohydrates.
5. State the balanced chemical equation for photosynthesis as: 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
6. Outline the subsequent use and storage of the carbohydrates made in photosynthesis, limited to:
▪ Starch as an energy store.
▪ Cellulose to build cell walls.
▪ Glucose used in respiration to provide energy.
▪ Sucrose for transport in the phloem.
▪ Nectar to attract insects for pollination.
7. Explain the importance of:
▪ Nitrate ions for making amino acids.
▪ Magnesium ions for making chlorophyll.
8. Investigate the need for chlorophyll, light, and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, using appropriate controls.
9. Investigate and describe the effects of varying light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature on the rate of photosynthesis.
10. Investigate and describe the effect of light and dark conditions on gas exchange in an aquatic plant using hydrogencarbonate indicator solution.
2 Leaf Structure
1. State that most leaves have a large surface area and are thin, and explain how these features are adaptations for photosynthesis.
2. Identify in diagrams and images the following structures in the leaf of a dicotyledonous plant: chloroplasts, cuticle, guard cells and stomata, upper and lower epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, air spaces, vascular bundles, xylem, and phloem.
3. Explain how the structures listed in 6.2.2 adapt leaves for photosynthesis.
4. Identify and explain the limiting factors of photosynthesis in different environmental conditions.

6 Plant Nutrition

1 Photosynthesis

2 Leaf Structure